{"id":21132,"date":"2021-01-04T09:36:16","date_gmt":"2021-01-04T08:36:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/?p=21132"},"modified":"2025-06-02T15:08:05","modified_gmt":"2025-06-02T13:08:05","slug":"the-hardness-of-gemstones","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/the-hardness-of-gemstones\/","title":{"rendered":"<span>The hardness of gemstones<\/span>"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wpb-content-wrapper\"><p>[vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">When is a mineral considered a gemstone? When it is rare? Or when it is especially beautiful? In reality, most gemstone definitions include hardness.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">In the past, stones that did not have a certain &#8220;gemstone hardness&#8221; were generally referred to as semiprecious stones. Today, this term is rarely used commercially because it can be misleading. People generally refer to jewels or jewelry stones instead.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">To be considered a true gemstone, a stone must have a Mohs hardness rating of at least 7.<\/p>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text]<div class=\"tng-custom-divider\"><div class=\"tng-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/bildschirmfoto-2020-05-12-um-11.09.04.png\"><\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2><span><strong>MOHS<\/strong><strong> SCALE OF MINERAL HARDNESS<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column][vc_row_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]Over time, various units of measurement, tests, and scales have been developed for determining the hardness of materials. In mineralogy, and therefore in connection with gemstones, the Mohs scale is generally used. This scale was developed by the German geologist Friedrich Mohs in the early 19th century.<\/p>\n<p>A hard material will scratch a softer material. However, soft materials cannot scratch harder materials. Based on this fact, Mohs developed his scale of scratching hardness.<br \/>\nEach position on the scale corresponds to a reference material that can scratch another material. Therefore, the scale is not linear; for example, feldspar is not twice as hard as calcite.<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Mohs hardness<\/td>\n<td>Reference material<\/td>\n<td>Comment<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: left;\">10.<\/td>\n<td>Diamond<\/td>\n<td>Scratches corundum, cannot be scratched by any other material<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>9.<\/td>\n<td>Corundum<\/td>\n<td>Scratches topaz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>8.<\/td>\n<td>Topaz<\/td>\n<td>Scratches quartz<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>7.<\/td>\n<td>Quartz<\/td>\n<td>Scratches window glass<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>6.<\/td>\n<td>Orthoclase feldspar<\/td>\n<td>Can be scratched with a steel file<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>5.<\/td>\n<td>Apatite<\/td>\n<td>Can be scratched with a knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>4.<\/td>\n<td>Fluorite<\/td>\n<td>Can easily be scratched with a knife<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3.<\/td>\n<td>Calcite<\/td>\n<td>Can be scratched with a copper coin<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2.<\/td>\n<td>Gypsum<\/td>\n<td>Can be scratched with a fingernail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1.<\/td>\n<td>Talc<\/td>\n<td>Can be scraped with a fingernail<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][vc_single_image image=&#8221;15527&#8243; img_size=&#8221;full&#8221; add_caption=&#8221;yes&#8221;][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner]<div class=\"tng-custom-divider\"><div class=\"tng-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/bildschirmfoto-2020-05-12-um-11.09.04.png\"><\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Minerals in gemstone hardness<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;]<div class=\"tng-quote-box\"><div class=\"tng-custom-divider\"><div class=\"tng-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/wp-content\/themes\/_tng\/icons\/chat_white.svg\"><\/div><\/div><div class=\"inner\">A jewel must have a certain &#8220;gemstone hardness&#8221; to be considered a true &#8220;gemstone.&#8221;<\/div><div class=\"tng-custom-divider\"><\/div><\/div>[\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]To be considered a true gemstone, a jewel must have a certain hardness.<br \/>\nMinerals with a Mohs hardness of 1 to 2 are considered soft; those with a hardness of 3 to 5 are medium-hard; and minerals with a hardness of 6 or more are hard. Minerals with a Mohs hardness of 7 or higher are considered very hard, which is usually the minimum requirement for a gemstone.<\/p>\n<p>Diamond is the hardest material there is, with a Mohs hardness of 10. Synthetic moissanite has a Mohs hardness of 9.5 and would theoretically be the second hardest gemstone. However, because it is synthetically produced, it cannot be considered a gemstone.<\/p>\n<p>The highly sought-after <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/ruby\/\">ruby<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/sapphire\/\">sapphire<\/a> are members of the corundum family and have a Mohs hardness of 9.<br \/>\nThey are followed by topaz and beryl, which have a Mohs hardness of 7.5 to 8. Beryl includes <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/emerald\/\">emeralds<\/a>, aquamarines and other colored varieties of the mineral. <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/spinel\/\">Spinel<\/a> also has a hardness of 8, <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/tourmaline\/\">tourmaline<\/a> lies between 7 and 7,5 and <a href=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/en\/gemstones\/tanzanite\/\">tanzanite<\/a> ranges from 6.5 to 7.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]<div class=\"tng-custom-divider\"><div class=\"tng-image\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/thenaturalgem.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/bildschirmfoto-2020-05-12-um-11.09.04.png\"><\/div><\/div>[vc_column_text]<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: center;\">Other hardness ratings<\/span><\/h2>\n<p>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=&#8221;.vc_custom_1589879657419{margin-top: 20px !important;}&#8221;][vc_column width=&#8221;3\/4&#8243;][vc_column_text css=&#8221;&#8221;]In addition to the Mohs scale, two other hardness scales are sometimes used in connection with gemstones and minerals: The Rosiwal scale and the Vickers hardness test. Rosiwal&#8217;s absolute scale measures the hardness of materials based on their abrasive resistance. The Vickers test measures a material&#8217;s ability to resist plastic deformation from a standard force.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=&#8221;1\/4&#8243;][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>When is a mineral a precious stone? When it is rare? When it is especially beautiful? In reality, most definitions of a gemstone include the mineral\u2019s hardness. In the past, stones that did not have a certain \u201cgemstone hardness\u201d were generally referred to as semi-precious stones. Today this term is rarely used commercially, as it can be misleading; generally one refers to jewels or jewellery stones.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":610,"featured_media":15527,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[226],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-21132","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Mohs Scale &amp; The Hardness Of Gemstones | The Natural Gem<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"When is a mineral a precious stone? 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